Продолжение цикла упражнений на Словообразование при помощи аффиксов.
Начало темы в статьях «Словообразование в английском языке. Суффиксы существительных», «Суффиксы прилагательных» и «Суффиксы глаголов».
Суффиксы наречий
Суффикс |
Значение |
Примеры |
-ly |
наречие с тем же качеством, что и слово, от которого оно образовано |
bad - badly |
-wards
-ward |
направление или направленность |
after – afterwards
home - homeward |
Exercises
1. Образуйте наречия при помощи суффикса –ly и переведите их:
Silent, wide, cruel, happy, rapid, quick, part, first, extreme.
Суффиксы числительных
Суффикс |
Значение |
Примеры |
-teen |
числительные от 13 до 19 |
six - sixteen |
-ty |
десятки |
six- sixty |
-th |
порядковые числительные |
six- sixth |
Exercises
1. Напишите противоположное по значению слово, используя префиксы. Можно пользоваться словарем:
Appear, kind, join, equal, normal, credible, friendly, employed, trust, cover, known, use, important, honest, professional, safe, fair, pleased, emotional, pack, correct, agree, possible, regular, understand, definite, legal, like, advice.
2. Выделите словообразующие элементы, исходное слово, определите, к какой части речи относятся данные слова. Переведите на русский язык:
Weakly – weakness – to weaken, bitterly – bitterness, unhappy - happily – happiness, suddenly – suddenness, equally – unequal – equality, to enrich – enrichment, patiently – impatient – patience, irresponsible – responsibility, unstable – stability – to stabilize – stabilization, harmful – harmless – harmlessness, glorious – inglorious –to glorify, to discontinue – continuation – continual – continually, relation – relative – relatively, attractive – unattractive – attraction.
Прочитайте приведенные ниже тексты. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Подумайте над следующими вопросами:
- Каким членом предложения является пропущенное слово?
- Какой частью речи этот член предложения выражен (обратите внимание на исходную форму слова, напечатанную заглавными буквами на полях)?
- Какая грамматическая форма образуется по контексту?
- Каковы особенности правописания этой формы?
1.
The individual states all have (1)________ forms of government with a senate and a house. There is only one (2)_________, Nebraska, which has only one (3)________ body of 49 senators. All have (4)________ branches headed by state governors and (5)_________ court systems. Each state has its own constitution. But all must respect the federal laws and not make laws that interfere with the laws of the other states. The Us Constitution determines federal(6)__________.
All other (7)__________ belong to the states and to the local (8)__________ . |
REPUBLIC
ECEPT
LEGISLATE
EXECUTE
DEPEND
RESPONSIBLE
AUTOMATICAL
COMMUNE |
Key: 1 republican, 2 exception, 3 legislative, 4 executive, 5 independent, 6 responsibilities, 7 automatically, 8 communities.
2.
Bike (1)_________ appeared in Russia with the (2)___________ of Moscow motorbike club ‘Night Wolves’. (3)__________ it was founded on May 31,1989. But the core of it appeared in the early 80s. A (4)__________ in Russia prefers a heavy bike like Harley Davidson and a leather jacket. The club is so (5)________ not only in Russia but also all over the world that the first Russian Bike Show, which took place in 1995, attracted a lot of guests from abroad. |
CULTURE
APPEAR
OFFICIAL
BIKE
FAME
|
Key: 1 subculture, 2 appearance, 3 officially, 4 biker, 5 famous.
3.
Football (soccer) is the (1)________ sport, and British club teams are often (2)________ in Europe. But British football today has a bad fame at home and abroad, because of the (3)_________ of some groups of fans who get drunk and fight with each other. Most British fans (4)_________ violence and help the police to put an end to it. |
NATION
SUCCESS
VIOLENT
LIKE |
Key: 1 national, 2 successful, 3 violence, 4 dislike.
4.
In Britain people (1)________ pay compliments on the things they like about the people they are talking to. They also expect to hear “Thank you!” in response to a compliment. Besides, they add something to keep the (2)________ going.
In Britain people usually do not (3)_________ with compliments. Sometimes they pay a compliment in return. Too many compliments may be interpreted as (4)_______. But not enough compliments may be interpreted as a sign of (5)_________. |
USUAL
CONVERSE
AGREE
SINCERE
LIKE |
Key: 1 usually, 2 conversation, 3 disagree, 4 insincerity, 5 dislike.
5.
Every year more than eleven million tourists visit Britain. In fact, tourism is an (1)__________ industry, employing thousands of people. Most (2)__________ come in the summer months when they can expect good weather. Tourists (3)_________ spend a few days in London, then go on to other well-known cities. Perhaps the least visited places in England are old (4)_________ towns. But many people think that nineteenth-century cities show the (5)_________ of Britain.
The (6)_________ of the past is to be still seen in their old streets. |
IMPORTANCE
VISIT
USUAL
INDUSTRY
REAL
GREAT |
Key: 1 important, 2 visitors, 3 usually, 4 industrial, 5 reality, 6 greatness. |
